Properties of objects are called first-order properties.

Properties of first-order properties are called second-order properties.

Existence is not an property of an object. It is a property of properties.

For example, when we say “X does not exist”, we do not mean that “there is an X and X has a property of non-existence.” Instead,

X does not exist

= the property of being X is useless

= the set which contains X’s has no members

— Me@2012.10.07

— Me@2012.10.08

2012.10.08 Monday (c) All rights reserved by ACHK