The 4 bugs, 1.13
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The common quantum mechanics “paradoxes” are induced by 4 main misunderstandings.
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4.1 Each particle always has a definite identity.
Wrong.
identical particles
~ some particles are identical, except having different positions
~ some particle trajectories are indistinguishable
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trajectory indistinguishability
~ particle identity is an approximate concept
— Me@2022-02-11 12:47:14 AM
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physical definition
~ define microscopic events in terms of observable physical phenomena such as the change of readings of the measuring device
~ define unobservable events in terms of observable events
— Me@2022-01-31 08:33:01 AM
4.2 Each particle always has a trajectory.
Wrong.
“
Which trajectory has a particle travelled along
” is a hindsight story.“
The electron at location x_1 at time t_1 and the electron at location x_2 at a later time t_2 are actually the same particle
” is also a hindsight story.These kinds of post hoc stories do not exist when some definitions of trajectories are missing in the overall definition of the experiment setup. In such a case, we can only use a superposition state to describe the state of the physical system.
Since such a situation has never happened in a classical (or macroscopic) system, it gives a probability distribution that has never existed before.
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— Me@2022-01-31 08:33:01 AM
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a trajectory story
~ a hindsight story
~ a post hoc story
reality
~ experimental data
~ observable events
story
~ an optional description of an unobservable event
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Even though the nature of a trajectory story is a hindsight story or a post hoc story, it must be based on observable events, compatible with experiment results.
— Me@2022-03-01 07:33:31 PM
— Me@2022-03-02 10:30:41 AM
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The double slit experiment (and any other experiments that have quantum effects) puts the particle-trajectory model into a stress test and breaks it. The experiment exposes the bug of the particle-trajectory model. For example, the superposition case (aka the no-detector case) cannot be explained by this model.
Another example, even if the two slits on double-slit-plate are all closed, some particles, although not many, will still “go through” the plate.
— Me@2022-02-27 09:17:23 AM
— Me@2022-03-01 11:09:24 PM
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quantum effect
~ an effect that cannot use the particle-trajectory model
~ an effect that does not have a trajectory story
— Me@2022-03-02 12:23:54 PM
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2022.03.02 Wednesday (c) All rights reserved by ACHK