反拋

這段改篇自 2010 年 4 月 30 日的對話。

(CSK:其實 A.Maths(附加數學)是否時常用複雜的術語,去描述一些本來很簡單的事物?)

不只 A.Maths,其他科目也是這樣。明明是淺白的東西,用了一個新的詞彙,就會好像高級一點。代價是令到初學者不知所云,浪費大量時間。

例如 ,如果我說:「f(x) 是一條有 x 的公式。 f(x) is a formula of x.」大部人也會立刻明白,而覺得很無聊。但是,數學科卻說:「f(x) 是一個『函數』。 f(x) is a function of x.」大家就好像應該肅然起敬。

(CKY:用來「拋」(嚇)人。)

無錯。所以,我們千萬不要給其他人拋到。別人拋我們時,我們要反拋他。別人用深的術語嚇我們時,我們要用(貌似)更深的術語去反嚇他。

— Me@2011.03.12

2011.03.13 Sunday (c) All rights reserved by ACHK

AdS/CFT correspondence 2

It is the most successful realization of the holographic principle, a speculative idea about quantum gravity originally proposed by Gerard ‘t Hooft and improved and promoted by Leonard Susskind.

— Wikipedia on AdS/CFT correspondence

2011.03.12 Saturday ACHK

That

One way to build up your faith is to spend time with somebody who truly believes in you.

And the important thing is that [you can] be that person to others; also, be that person to yourself.

— based on Stephen Covey

— Me@2002

— Me@2009.07.25

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2011.03.11 Friday (c) All rights reserved by ACHK

The Country of the Blind

魔間傳奇 4

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Major themes

H. G. Wells addresses the following themes in “The Country of the Blind”:

* An isolated community will generally overcome any disability like blindness after a few generations.
* Having adapted to cope with such disabilities, an isolated community will believe that its modified behaviour is normal.
* An isolated community will tend to be closed-minded and xenophobic, and will persecute and (if necessary) maim anyone who is different and/or non-conformist.
* The maxim, “In the Country of the Blind the One-Eyed Man is King”, from Desiderius Erasmus, is not necessarily always true.
* The story may be seen as an allegory of society’s treatment of those with ability or intellect beyond the understanding of the many. The fear of the ‘barbarian’ or at least unenlightened masses is a recurrent theme in Wells’s writing.

— Wikipedia on The Country of the Blind

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2011.03.11 Friday ACHK

Split-brain

向左走 向右走 3

Split-brain is a lay term to describe the result when the corpus callosum connecting the two hemispheres of the brain is severed to some degree. The surgical operation to produce this condition is called corpus callosotomy and is usually used as a last resort to treat otherwise intractable epilepsy. Initially, partial callosotomies are performed; if this operation does not succeed, a complete callosotomy is performed to mitigate the risk of accidental physical injury by reducing the severity and violence of epileptic seizures. Prior to callosotomies, epilepsy is treated through pharmaceutical means.

A patient with a split brain, when shown an image in his or her left visual field (the left half of what both eyes take in, see optic tract), will be unable to vocally name what he or she has seen. This is because the speech-control center is in the left side of the brain in most people, and the image from the left visual field is sent only to the right side of the brain (those with the speech control center in the right side will experience similar symptoms when an image is presented in the right visual field). Since communication between the two sides of the brain is inhibited, the patient cannot name what the right side of the brain is seeing. The person can, however, pick up and show recognition of an object (one within the left overall visual field) with their left hand, since that hand is controlled by the right side of the brain.

The same effect occurs for visual pairs and reasoning. For example, a patient with split brain is shown a picture of a chicken and a snowy field in separate visual fields and asked to choose from a list of words the best association with the pictures. The patient would choose a chicken foot to associate with the chicken and a shovel to associate with the snow; however, when asked to reason why the patient chose the shovel, the response would relate to the chicken (e.g. “the shovel is for cleaning out the chicken coop”).

— Wikipedia on Split-brain

2011.03.10 Thursday ACHK

向左走 向右走 2.3.2

又例如,如果在左邊視野放一本書,右邊視野放另一本的話,一位「分腦病人」可以同時閱讀兩本書。他的左右兩腦,可以各自為政,獨自運作,自己看自己的書。

再例如,有一位病人,與太太激烈爭辯時,他的右手(左腦)想打太太,幸好他的左手(右腦)極力阻止。

— Me@2011.03.10

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2011.03.10 Thursday (c) All rights reserved by ACHK

向左走 向右走 2.3.1

另一種情況是,有些病人患了極端嚴重的「癲癇症」。在沒有其他選擇的情況下,病人容許醫生為他們做手術,把連接左右腦,負責兩方互相溝通的「胼胝體」切除。例如,如果一個病人的「癲癇症」是來自「左腦失靈」的話,切除「胼胝體」可以中斷左右兩腦的訊息傳遞,從而避免那些「瘋狂」蔓延至右腦。

手術後,病人的「癲癇症」不會再發作。他們可以過幾乎完全正常的生活,甚至可以駕駛車輛。但是,卻有奇怪的現象,發生在他們的身上。

我剛才提過,左腦控制右半身,右腦控制左半身。例如,左腦會接收右邊視野的訊息,右腦則會接收左邊視野。左右兩腦不能溝通的話,即是左腦不會知道左邊視野有什麼,而右腦亦不知道右邊。科學家將物件放在病人的左邊視野,然後叫病人用右手把物件用文字寫出來,右手不能做到,因為左腦根本不知道左邊視野究竟有什麼,而左腦正正負責「右手」和「語言」。如果科學家改為叫病人用左手把看到的物件畫出來的話,病人可以輕易做到,因為右腦負責「左手」和「圖像」。

— Me@2011.03.09

2011.03.10 Thursday (c) All rights reserved by ACHK

Prefix notation

A more serious problem is the diffuseness of prefix notation. For expert hackers, that really is a problem. No one wants to write (aref a x y) when they could write a[x,y].

In this particular case there is a way to finesse our way out of the problem. If we treat data structures as if they were functions on indexes, we could write (a x y) instead, which is even shorter than the Perl form. Similar tricks may shorten other types of expressions.

— Paul Graham

2011.03.09 Wednesday ACHK

旅程

The smallest possible step, 8

To finish the moment, to find the journey’s end in every step of the road, to live the greatest number of good hours, is wisdom.

– Emerson

The journey is the destination.

當你到達目的地後, 你會發現, 你的最大收穫是, 你的旅程.

– Me@2008.09.24

2011.03.09 Wednesday (c) All rights reserved by ACHK

八二原則

不成比例 3

這段改篇自 2010 年 4 月 30 日的對話。

(CKY:怎麼辦呢?好像有很多東西要記。我怕我的腦子會負荷不來,然後發癲。)

所以你要揀擇地溫,而不要企圖溫完所有東西。你應該先溫最淺的八成內容。大概地說,最淺的八成內容,只需要頭兩成的溫習時間;最深的兩成內容,卻需要尾八成的溫習時間。這就是管理學上的「八二原則」。

— Me@2011.03.08

2011.03.08 Tuesday (c) All rights reserved by ACHK

T-duality, 2

T-duality is a symmetry of string theory relating small and large distances. T-duality is not present in ordinary particle theory, indicating that strings experience spacetime in a way that is fundamentally distinct than the way particles do. It relates different string theories that were thought to be unrelated before T-duality was understood. T-duality preceded the Second Superstring Revolution.

— Wikipedia on T-duality

2011.03.07 Monday ACHK

Democracy 3

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A democracy that lives within its means is a democracy. A democracy that spends more than it takes in in tax revenue is a nation of beggar and debtors.

Only countries that live within their means can be democracies. A country that lives on borrowed money like the U.S. cannot control its own destiny. That is in the hands of the worldwide bond market.

— John T. Reed

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2011.03.07 Monday ACHK

向左走 向右走 2.2

即使是正常人,我們也可以有辦法知道左右的性格之別。

例如,醫生有方法可以暫時麻醉「實驗對象」(志願者)的右腦,然後問左腦問題。又或者,暫時麻醉「實驗對象」的左腦,然後問右腦問題。同一個人的左右腦對同一個問題,有時會有完全不同的回覆。

例如,醫生可以問:「你的夢想是什麼?」

左腦會答:「我想做個賽車手。」

右腦會答:「我要做個畫家。」

— Me@2011.03.06

2011.03.06 Sunday (c) All rights reserved by ACHK