被選擇的心靈

盡其在我,盡可能使精英文化得以在文化精英(知識分子)之間流傳下去,一脈相承,這才是切實而重要的事。例如詩的精品,永遠只能以少數「被選擇的心靈」為對象,這是無可奈何的,但也是無須慨歎的。

— 浪蕩與沉思(續)

— 思考藝術

2011.10.31 Monday ACHK

Zeno’s paradox

knucklebumpler had this to say: “This is solved by the “block time” view of time that’s forced on us by special relativity and the relativity of simultaneity. So there’s no need for one event to have “happened” before some ‘future’ event. We can just regard the whole thing as one big four dimensional block of space-time.” – David Zaslavsky Jun 25 at 20:58

2011.10.30 Sunday ACHK

Compound interest

What Bode was saying was this: “Knowledge and productivity are like compound interest.” Given two people of approximately the same ability and one person who works ten percent more than the other, the latter will more than twice outproduce the former.

— You and Your Research

— Richard Hamming

2011.10.30 Sunday ACHK

時間管理 5.2

這段改編自 2010 年 3 月 6 日的對話。

(安:言歸正傳,我想問的是,假設我已經肯定「選對了結婚對象」,我如何「籌備好婚禮」呢?

換句話說,假設我的人生目標大方向已經正確,我應該如何執行那些細節?我應該用什麼時間管理策略,去處理那些事務性質工作?)

以前不是討論過嗎?單單是今天,我們就已經談及過很多相關的東西。

基本上,近乎所有「時間管理問題」,都和「人生問題」有關;近乎所有「人生問題」,都可以看成「時間管理問題」。

(安:為什麼呢?)

例如,你以前問我,如何和很難相處的人相處?我答,最好的方法是,不要和那種人相處。

不與難相處的人相處,你就可以節省大量時間,去與容易相處的人相處。你的人生會快樂幾倍。

這個既可以說是「人生問題」,又可以說是「時間管理問題」。

另外,你可以想一想,今天的話題之中,有哪些是和「事務性質工作的時間管理」沒有關係的呢?

其實很少。

當你自我管理得宜,妥善處理那些人生問題,很多時候,你原本的時間管理問題會自動消失。

(安:這對我來說,是一個全新的角度。「事務問題」,原來就即是「人生問題」。)

— Me@2011.10.30

2011.10.30 Sunday (c) All rights reserved by ACHK

Brain | Computer

Modern computer chips handle data at the mind-blowing rate of some 10^13 bits per second. Neurons, by comparison, fire at a rate of around 100 times per second or so. And yet the brain outperforms the best computers in numerous tasks.

One reason for this is way computations take place. In computers, calculations occur in strict pipelines, one at a time.

In the brain, however, many calculations take place at once. Each neuron communicates with up to 1000 other neurons at any one time. And since the brain consists of billions neurons, the potential for parallel calculating is clearly huge.

— Massively Parallel Computer Built From Single Layer of Molecules

2011.10.30 Sunday ACHK

Phantom

Mara: “You who go where others dare not; Will you be my God? The architect of my house?”

Siddharta: “Finally I meet the illusion of self; Your evil house will not be built again.”

Mara: “But you live in me; I am your house.”

Siddharta: “O, trickster; phantom of my own ego, you are pure illusion. You, self, do not exist. The earth is my witness to this Supreme Enlightenment.”

— Wikipedia on Little Buddha

2007.06.20 2011.10.29 Saturday ACHK

找例外 6.0

這段改編自 2010 年 5 月 18 日的對話。

(CYM:為什麼你以前讀工程,之後又可以做到教師?)

你可以試試倒轉來想。有什麼大學的科目,讀了以後會令你做不到教師呢?

其實很少。

大部分大學的科目,讀了以後,都會令你有機會做到教師。如果你讀數學,你就有機會教數學;如果你讀物理,你就有機會教物理;如果你讀工程,你就有機會教工程;如果你讀中醫,你就有機會教中醫;如果你讀翻譯,你就有機會教翻譯;如此類推。

(CYM:但是,大部分中學都沒有工程科。)

不一定要教中學。

還有,如果你讀工程,而又想在中學教書,你可以嘗試教數學或者物理。如果你讀中醫,你可以嘗試教生物學。如果你讀翻譯,你可以嘗試教中文或者英文。

中學的物理學,其實是廣義的物理學。它對應於大學的物理和工程。例如,「光纖之父」高錕先生,雖然不是物理學家,而是一位工程師,但他卻奪得了 2009 年的「諾貝爾物理學獎」。那是因為這兒的「物理」,是指廣義的物理,包括了物理和工程。

— Me@2011.10.29

2011.10.29 Saturday (c) All rights reserved by ACHK

Computer

Steven Paul “Steve” Jobs (February 24, 1955 – October 5, 2011)

= Apple Inc. + Pixar Animation Studios

Dennis MacAlistair Ritchie (b. September 9, 1941; found dead October 12, 2011)

= the C programming language + the UNIX operating system

John McCarthy (September 4, 1927 – October 24, 2011)

= Artificial Intelligence (AI) + the LISP programming language

— Me@2011.10.27

2011.10.27 Thursday (c) All rights reserved by ACHK

Idea babies 2

And just as Steve loved ideas, and loved making stuff, he treated the process of creativity with a rare and a wonderful reverence. You see, I think he better than anyone understood that while ideas ultimately can be so powerful, they begin as fragile, barely formed thoughts, so easily missed, so easily compromised, so easily just squished.

— Jonathan Ive

2011.10.27 Thursday ACHK

擠牙膏

時間管理 5

這段改編自 2010 年 3 月 6 日的對話。

.

(安:你在網誌寫過,「時間管理」對現在的你來說,已經不是一個大問題。你所用的比喻是,如果要計劃結婚,最重要的是,要選對結婚對象。婚禮的具體細節,其實不太重要。)

我不是說婚禮不重要,而是說「選對結婚對象」,遠比「籌備好婚禮」重要。這一點好像十分明顯,但是大部分人也,不自覺地忽略了。

(安:你又怎可能會知道,人們有沒有忽略這一點呢?)

看看在社會上,離婚率之高便知。

另外,市面上有很多商業活動,同婚禮有關,因為大部人也會,花很多時間去籌備婚禮。但是,卻近乎沒有,任何牟利或者非牟利的機構舉辦課程,去教人如何選擇對象。即使有,報名參加的人不會多,因為大部分人也,以為只要兩情相悅,有愛情的感覺,就可以結成夫妻,一生一世。他們卻不知道,離不離婚往往跟「有沒有愛情」沒有關係。例如,有些夫婦可以因為,擠牙膏的方法不同而離婚。

選擇對象之道,在乎「觀己於微」和「觀人於微」。這兩樣才能,都不是容易的學問,很難期望一般人可以,不通過學習,而無師自通。

— Me@2011.10.27

.

.

2011.10.27 Thursday (c) All rights reserved by ACHK

Futurama 3

Farnsworth: These are the dark matter engines I invented. They allow my starship to travel between galaxies in mere hours.

Cubert: That’s impossible. You can’t go faster than the speed of light.

Farnsworth: Of course not. That’s why scientists increased the speed of light in 2208.

Cubert: Also impossible.

— A Clone of My Own

— Futurama

2011.10.26 Wednesday ACHK

碩士 2.3

這段改編自 2010 年 5 月 18 日的對話。

那樣,你就即是從研究院輟學。在求職面試時,你很難向潛在僱主解釋,你為什麼不能畢業。如果你選擇讀博士,你一定要有這個心理準備。輟學是常態,畢業反而是奇怪。

假設你有幸成功畢業,正式成為了一位博士,你亦只有少於十分之一的機會,最終成為一位大學教授。找不到教席的話,你就要拿著那個「博士」銜頭,去找其他類型的工作。

那樣,你就有如中年轉行,而將要面對很大的問題。大部分潛在僱主也不會錄用你。第一,聘請博士所需的薪金過高。第二,如果你願意接受低一點的薪金,他又怕你在短時間內會另謀高就。

— Me@2011.10.26

2011.10.26 Wednesday (c) All rights reserved by ACHK

Principle of least time, 2

Principle of least action, 4

Indeed Fermat’s principle does not hold standing alone, we now know it can be derived from earlier principles such as Huygens’ principle. Historically, Fermat’s principle has served as a guiding principle in the formulation of physical laws with the use of variational calculus (see Principle of least action).

— Wikipedia on Fermat’s principle

Fermat’s principle is very similar to the principle of least action but the derivation of Fermat’s principle from the principle of least action is less straightforward than you might think.

— Lubos Motl

2011.10.26 Wednesday ACHK

Read more slowly, 2

這一點在閱讀數學書時,也要同樣留意。不能期望,可以以閱讀一般文章的速度,去理解數學公式。當一本數學書有 50 頁時,你千萬不要真的當它只有 50 頁。你要當它等同一本 500 頁的其他書。

Paul Graham 有一個意見是,你千萬不要以為那些數學公式是麻煩的起因。去除那些數學公式,反而會令那本數學書加長幾倍,因為沒有數學公式這種人工特製語言,你就要使用日常自然語言,例如中文,去描述同一堆意思。那會冗長非常。

例如,你要表達「加法交換性質」的話,本來寫「a + b = b + a」就可以。但是,如果不許用數學公式,你就要寫「兩個數相加,第一個數加第二個數之和,等於第二個數加第一個數之和。」

又例如,二次方程的解為 。沒有數學公式的話,你如何表達?

— Me@2011.10.25

2011.10.25 Tuesday (c) All rights reserved by ACHK

Background independence 2

String theory 7.2

Although the physics of string theory can in principle be background-independent, perturbative formulations of this theory do not make this independence manifest because they require starting with a particular solution and performing a perturbative expansion about this background. Non-perturbative formulations such as matrix theory and AdS/CFT resolve that issue and are fully background independent.

— This article needs additional citations for verification. Please help improve this article by adding citations to reliable sources. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed. (December 2010)

— Wikipedia on Background independence

2011.10.24 Monday ACHK

種子意念 7

Over the years, I’ve learned that the first idea you have is irrelevant. It’s just a catalyst for you to get started. Then you figure out what’s wrong with it and you go through phases of denial, panic, regret. And then you finally have a better idea and the second idea is always the important one.

— Arthur van Hoff

— Founders at Work

2011.10.24 Monday ACHK

碩士 2.2

這段改編自 2010 年 5 月 18 日的對話。

一般而言,一個學士要將自己升格為博士,前後要花六年左右。六年並不是一段短的時間。試想想,六年前,你們小學還未畢業;現在,你們就已經要準備考大學了。

千萬不要以為讀研究院的過程是「上學讀書」,那只是表面。實際上,讀研究院的難度等價於「上班做事」。「上學」和「上班」的主要分別是,「上班」要有自己的作品或者產品。無論你中途有多努力,學到多少東西,如果在指定時間內沒有確切的研究成果,你就不會得到一個博士學位。

那樣,你就即是從研究院輟學。在求職面試時,你很難向潛在僱主解釋,你為什麼不能畢業。

— Me@2011.10.24

To triumph we need results — publishable, applicable results.

– A Beautiful Mind (2001)

2011.10.24 Monday (c) All rights reserved by ACHK