西瓜 9
The goal of logic and pure mathematics is to identify seemingly different terms and distinguish seemingly identical terms.
— Me@2011.08.16
— Me@2013.05.12
2013.05.12 Sunday (c) All rights reserved by ACHK
西瓜 9
The goal of logic and pure mathematics is to identify seemingly different terms and distinguish seemingly identical terms.
— Me@2011.08.16
— Me@2013.05.12
2013.05.12 Sunday (c) All rights reserved by ACHK
Forward compatibility 2
To avoid future shock, be forward compatible.
— Me@2010.12.30
— Me@2013.05.11
2013.05.11 Saturday (c) All rights reserved by ACHK
人格考試 1.2 | 學科用處
這段改編自 2010 年 6 月 29 日的對話。
這些都要靠平日,長年累月的習慣訓練,導致考試時可以條件反射;並沒有任何直接的「溫習」方法,可以「溫習人格」。換而言之,考試是兩分考學問,八分考能力。如果你只是「知識多」但是「能力差」,考試不會有好結果。
「速度」、「準確度」和「語言」這三項性格特點,其實是同一樣東西的三個方面,而不是三樣各自獨立的東西。例如,如果你運算不準確,就即是花了時間,也拿不到分數。得分效率等如零,沒有任何速度可言。又例如,如果你的語言表達欠佳,閱卷員不能明白你的思想,那就等價於你的作答不準確。你亦會損失大量分數。
這三樣處事效能,統稱為「人格」;「人格」就那「同一樣東西」。
有了「人格考試」這個概念後,你不應該再投訴,中學的學術科目,對你沒有用處;你亦不應該再追問,既然數學科中所學的數學,在日常生活中甚少應用,為什麼我們要花那麼多的時間去學呢?
其實,數學科中的數學,只佔整個「數學科」課程目標的兩成。其餘的八成,都是考驗你的人格。你大概不能說,「人格」不會在日常生活中應用到。
— Me@2013.05.11
2013.05.11 Saturday (c) All rights reserved by ACHK
A powerful way to prove a mathematical result (e.g. an identity of the form A=B) is to introduce a new object or concept (say C) and connect it in two different ways to the original problem. For instance, if one can show that A=C and one can also show that C=B, then one can deduce that A=B. More generally, one can introduce n new objects or concepts, and establish at least n+1 non-trivial connections between these objects and each other, or to the original problem; for instance, if one introduces two new objects C,D and three connections, two of which A=C, D=B are to the original problem, and one of which C=D is between the newly introduced objects, then one has again established A=B.
A typical example of this is the use of complex analysis methods to solve a real analysis problem, as per Hadamard’s famous dictum “The shortest path between two truths in the real domain passes through the complex domain”. For instance, suppose one wants to compute some real integral A and show that it equals some value B. To do this, one can introduce two new concepts (the complex contour integral C, and the notion of a residue of a pole D); write the real integral as a contour integral (establishing a result of the form A=C), invoke the residue theorem (which is a result of the form C=D), and then compute the residues (a result of the form D=B), to obtain the final desired result A=B.
— Terence Tao
2013.05.11 Saturday ACHK
沒料到我所失的
竟已是我的所有
— 一生何求
— 潘偉源
2013.05.10 Friday ACHK
這段改編自 2010 年 4 月 3 日的對話。
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(安:那會不會是你的錯覺?市面上,有很多你所謂「平庸」的人,都是找不到對象的。)
但是,我持續觀察到的現象是,只要稍為偉大一點,就有較大機會孤獨終老。
例如,歌星梅艷芳無論在歌唱、演戲,還是慈善事業,都有非凡的成就,但就偏偏最終也找不到結婚對象。而她是非常希望成立自己的家庭的。
又例如,填詞人林夕的愛情歌詞,觸動無數心靈。但是,作為愛情專家的他,自己卻找不到對象,暫時。我希望他最終會找到,如果他想找的話。
— Me@2013.05.10
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2013.05.10 Friday (c) All rights reserved by ACHK
Now, you have to realize that the cosmological constant is the energy density of the vacuum.
— The enigmatic cosmological constant
— Lubos Motl
2013.05.10 Friday ACHK
Back to the Future, 3
人生,是一個「回到未來」的過程。
— Me@2011.01.02
2013.05.09 Thursday (c) All rights reserved by ACHK
萬事俱備 1.2
這段改編自 2010 年 6 月 29 日的對話。
年青時,我怕考試時忘記帶計數機。所以,我會有一部計數機,長駐於我的書包之中。那樣,即使我忘記了帶計數機,也會帶了計數機。
(LMC:那你平時豈不是沒有計數機可用?)
我書包內的那一部,並不是平時用的那一部。反正你在考試時,都要帶兩部計數機。
(LMC:我在公開試時會那麼小心。但是,在校內試就不會那麼認真,真的每次也帶兩部計數機。)
你應付「校內試」時,就應該好像面對「公開試」那麼認真。那樣,「校內試」才會有「公開試演習」的功用。如果你在「校內試」得過且過,它就喪失了訓練你「考試心理質素」的效果。
考試不單會考驗你的具體知識,而且會測試你的整體人格。以數學科為例,大概只有兩成是考你的數學知識。其餘八成,則是考你的人格。人格之中,數學科主要考你三方面 —— 速度、準確度 和 語言。
「速度」的意思是,你能否在作答試題時,妥善管理時間,完成所有題目?
「準確度」的意思是,你對題目指示的理解,是否鉅細無遺?然後,你的推理運算,是否分毫不差?
「語言」的意思是,你能否用最簡單清晰的語言,來表達你的數學思想?
這些都要靠平日,長年累月的習慣訓練,導致考試時可以條件反射;並沒有任何直接的「溫習」方法,可以「溫習人格」。換而言之,考試是兩分考學問,八分考能力。如果你只是「知識多」但是「能力差」,考試不會有好結果。
— Me@2013.05.07
2013.05.09 Thursday (c) All rights reserved by ACHK
Oddly enough, the clearest statement of this insight came only as an afterthought, appearing in Einstein’s second paper on relativity in 1905, in which he explicitly concluded that “radiation carries inertia between emitting and absorbing bodies”. The point is that light conveys not only momentum, but inertia. For example, after a body has absorbed an elementary pulse of light, it has not only received a “kick” from the momentum of the light, but the internal inertia (i.e., the inertial mass) of the body has actually increased.
Once it is posited that light is inertial, Galileo’s principle of relativity automatically implies that light propagates isotropically from the source, regardless of the source’s state of uniform motion.
— 1.6 A More Practical Arrangement
— Reflections on Relativity
— mathpages
2013.05.06 Monday ACHK
心靈互聯網 3
I’d read enough blog posts and magazine articles and books about how the internet makes us lonely, or stupid, or lonely and stupid, that I’d begun to believe them. I wanted to figure out what the internet was “doing to me,” so I could fight back. But the internet isn’t an individual pursuit, it’s something we do with each other. The internet is where people are.
— I’m still here: back online after a year without the internet
— By Paul Miller on May 1, 2013 10:40 am
2013.05.06 Monday ACHK
這段改編自 2010 年 4 月 3 日的對話。
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教學方面,我有一點點「點石成金」的能力。如果我不向這個方面發展,就好像對不起世界,又對不起自己。但是,如果我不是自僱,而是從事受僱工作,即使那份受僱工作是在日校教書,可以傳授學術知識和讀書心得的機會近乎零。那樣,我就白白荒廢了「點石成金」的能力。
如果我從來也沒有這種能力,那就不用那麼大壓力,生活可能好過很多。據我的觀察,沒有理想追求,不太思考,而又不會關心別人的人,反而較容易過到「幸福」的生活。平庸的地球人,好像自然會找到安定的工作,自然會找到另一半。然後,自然會有自己的子女。
(安:那會不會是你的錯覺?市面上,有很多你所謂「平庸」的人,都是找不到對象的。)
— Me@2013.05.06
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2013.05.06 Monday (c) All rights reserved by ACHK
To summarize, black holes are the most universal localized objects in any theory that includes general relativity. They’re not just random siblings of comets, planets, stars, and quasars: they’re special. They maximize the density of many things. Despite the large matter densities that are needed to produce them, black holes are connected with “apparently empty” space, space without matter. Their properties therefore have something to do with the properties of the empty space itself.
— Event horizons and thermodynamics: more than an analogy
— Lubos Motl
2013.05.04 Saturday ACHK
Constraints, 3
Deadlines decrease the number of choices, thus decrease uncertainty.
Without a deadline, your brain will have so much uncertainty that it does not work at all.
— Me@2011.01.02
— Me@2013.05.04
2013.05.04 Saturday (c) All rights reserved by ACHK
這段改編自 2010 年 6 月 29 日的對話。
凡是你有東西怕不記得帶,有一個絕招,可以令你不用再怕。那就是不要把那樣東西,由書包拿出來。那樣,你就變相每天都會帶那樣東西。
年青時,我怕考試時忘記帶計數機。所以,我會有一部計數機,長駐於我的書包之中。那樣,即使我忘記了帶計數機,也會帶了計數機。
— Me@2013.05.04
2013.05.04 Saturday (c) All rights reserved by ACHK
At the beginning, the author also says that quantum mechanics (the general postulates etc.) is “somewhere in between maths and physics in the hierarchy of scientific disciplines that continue with chemistry and biology”. It’s more physical than just maths and the ordinary probability theory in maths; but it’s less physical than particular physical theories. It’s an operating system on which particular physical models run as applications. I couldn’t agree more.
— Democritus on the QM operating system
— Lubos Motl
2013.05.02 Thursday ACHK
家長們,老師們,別把我們的價值加諸下一代身上,請給他們一點空間去發掘自己的潛力、自己的理想吧!給他們接受挑戰、挫敗的機會;給他們勇氣和支持,告訴他們並不是每個「有為青年」都要獻身金融、銀行、醫療或法律的。請不要把我們自己未圓的夢、未達的目標,寄託在子女和學生身上。
「一代不如一代」?不如說「一代不同一代」,不要抹殺他們的創意和想像力,不要奪去他們探險歷奇的機會,就讓我們的下一代去塑造他們的未來吧!
— 香港中文大學校長
— 沈祖堯
2013.05.01 Wednesday ACHK
原因 5.4
這段改編自 2010 年 4 月 3 日的對話。
又例如,假設學生乙欠交功課,我會這樣回應:
你為什麼欠交功課?
乙:「因為我忘記了做。」
「忘記」只是「原因」,並不是「理由」。
乙:「為什麼?」
「理由」是一個「決定」。你問一問自己,「忘記做功課」是不是你自己的決定?
乙:「不是。」
那樣,「忘記」就不是「不做功課」的理由。
還有,你真正重視的事情,你自然會記得。試想想,如果你和你的女朋友有約會,你會忘記嗎?
你會忘記做功課,證明你不夠重視學業。如果你真正重視那一份功課,你自然會想辦法,保證自己不會忘記它,例如利用記事簿。如果你要成功,你會找一個方法;如果你要失敗,你會找一個藉口。
再例如,假設學生丙都是欠交功課,我會這樣回應:
你為什麼欠交功課?
丙:「我昨天開始做那一份功課時,發覺它很無聊,無論是對我的學識還是成績,都沒有大用。所以,我決定放棄它,而改為做了另一組題目。另一組題目的難度高一點,用處大很多。」
孺子可教也。
— Me@2013.05.01
2013.05.01 Wednesday (c) All rights reserved by ACHK