Category Archives: copyleft | 幽默反利用

Euler problem 19.1

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How many Sundays fell on the first of the month during the twentieth century (1 Jan 1901 to 31 Dec 2000)?

(defun is-leap-year (year)
  (or (and (zerop (mod year 4))
           (not (zerop (mod year 100))))
      (zerop (mod year 400))))

(defun days-in-month (month year)
  (case month
    ((1 3 5 7 8 10 12) 31)
    ((4 6 9 11) 30)
    (2 (if (is-leap-year year)
           29
           28))))

(defun euler-19 ()
  (let ((day-of-week 2) ; 1 Jan 1901 was a Tuesday
        (sundays 0))
    (loop :for year :from 1901 :to 2000 :do
      (loop :for month :from 1 :to 12 :do
        (when (zerop day-of-week) ; 0 represents Sunday
          (incf sundays))
        (setf day-of-week
              (mod
               (+ day-of-week
                  (days-in-month month year))
               7))))
    sundays))

(print (euler-19))


CL-USER> (euler-19)
171
CL-USER>

— Me@2024-01-30 01:46:11 PM

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2024.01.30 Tuesday (c) All rights reserved by ACHK

地獄篇 10.1.2

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外在世界是地獄，心中宇宙是天堂；把知識和想像化成現實，就是把地獄天堂化。

— Me@2011.10.05

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Sharing knowledge is the most fundamental act of friendship. Because it is a way you can give something without loosing something.

— Richard Stallman

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Name: Jimmy “Jimbo” Wales
Job: Founder, Wikipedia
Passion: Information for everyone
Turning Point: An operation that saved his daughter’s life taught him the need to stockpile rare knowledge such as her doctor’s

He wipes it off and begins haltingly.

“At the end of the procedure, I realized how precious the doctor’s knowledge was. It occurred to me that no one other than this doctor would ever know about this whole thing. There had to be a way.” And that is how Wikipedia came about.

— Daddy has Kira to Thank

— by Subroto Bagchi | Jun 5, 2009

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2022.05.17 Tuesday ACHK

Find one, organize two

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Technical debt

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dna113 1 day ago [-]

I recently needed an HDMI cord for a monitor and realized that my cord drawer was accruing technical debt.

Whenever I am done with a cord I just throw it in there… it gets all tangled up with all the others. When I inevitably need one of those cords I impatiently pull it out and it makes all the other cords more tangled.

Here I am needing an HDMI cable that won’t just come out easily, I have to pay off my past laziness. But I have choices/tradeoffs/opportunities here.

I can just hurry up and get the minimum untangled and get back to watching TV.

I could untangle all of them since untangling one of them will help me untangle the others and wrap and label them.

I could just untangle the minimum, but also throw a roll of tape and a marker in there and wrap and label all future cords that go into that drawer, eventually they’ll all be nicely wrapped up and well documented.

¯\_(ツ)_/¯

jolmg 1 day ago [-]

Wow. I never thought of clutter in the home as technical debt, but it’s as similar as you describe. That really makes me see home organization in a whole new light.

— Technical Debt Is Like Tetris

— Hacker News

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Whenever you have to search for something, once you have found it, organize an additional thing.

— Me@2019-03-12 11:12:28 AM

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2019.03.13 Wednesday (c) All rights reserved by ACHK

Pandemonium

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E: Can you just, you know, like, just tell me the answer?

J: Sorry?

E: You know, the answer. To everything.

…

What’s the point of love if it’s just disappear?

…

There has to be meaning to existence, otherwise the universe is made of pain and I don’t like the thought of that.

So, tell me the answer!

…

J: The more human I become, the less things make sense.

But that’s part of the fun. Right?

E: What do you mean?

J: If there were an answer I can give you to, how the universe works, it wouldn’t be special. It would be just a machinery fulfilling its cosmic design. It would be just a big, dumb food processor.

But, since nothing seems to make sense, when you find something or someone that does, it’s euphoria.

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In all of this randomness, in this pandemonium, you and Chidi found each other and you had a life together.

Isn’t that remarkable?

E: Pandemonium is from Paradise Lost. Milton called the center of hell “pandemonium”, meaning “place of all demons”.

…

I guess all I can do is to embrace the Pandemonium.

Find happiness in the unique insanity of being here, now.

— The Good Place

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2019.01.27 Sunday ACHK

自由決定 2

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這段改編自 2010 年 4 月 18 日的對話。

甚至，再有一個可能是，它們極端地兼容 — 其中一方直情建基於，另外一方。

前人提出過，如果沒有「注定」（物理等自然定律），人或其他生命體，就根本不可能有「自由意志」。

例如，你想拿起一隻茶杯。因為你有自由意志，所以可以由腦部下指令，訊號由神經線傳達到手部，拿起茶杯。手部正正是因為是「注定」的，即是受制於自然定律，才保證必會執行，腦部的指令。

試想想，如果手部未必根據自然定律來行事，它就不一定會執行，你心中的目標。那樣，你（腦部）反而就沒有自由意志，因為手部的動作根本是隨機的，不一定會把你（例如「拿起茶杯」）的意志，化成現實。

如果所有東西也是注定的，你就沒有自由。如果所有東西也是隨機（不注定）的，你也沒有自由。換句話說，「自由」是既建基於「注定」， 亦建基於「不注定」，缺一不可。

所以，「自由」和「注定」的關係是，「自由」建基於「注定」。

它們的關係，有點像「著佐權」（copyleft）和「著作權」（copyright）。

字面上，兩者相反 — 前者是「反版權」，後者是「版權」。實際上，「著佐權」不是「反版權」。「著佐權」建基於「著作權」。正如我在幾個星期之前所講：

「

Copyleft 的確切執行，建基於完善的 copyright 制度。

當一個地區的著作權（copyright）制度，尚未成熟時，著佐權（copyleft）不能有效發展。

」

— Me@2015-06-21

2015.06.23 Tuesday (c) All rights reserved by ACHK

二百萬 2.2

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夢幻組合 1.2 C

這段改編自 2010 年 4 月 10 日的對話。

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發現「質量守恆定律」的，是一位化學家，名叫拉瓦節（Antoine-Laurent de Lavoisier）。他的正識是一位稅務官。因為高薪厚職，他有充足的金錢，去購買很多高級精準的化學儀器，以作化學研究之用。他的其中一個科學功績是，透過他的一些實驗，印證了「質量守恆定律」。

拉瓦節的太太 Marie-Anne Pierette Paulze，同時是他的助手 —— 為拉瓦節把文章翻譯成外語，從而把拉瓦節的化學研究成果，發揚光大。

This is a file from the Wikimedia Commons.

拉瓦節夫婦的合作，正正是我上次所講，「機械人比喻」的一個例子：

「

另一個方法是，嘗試找一個程度比你低，但可以成為你人生夢幻拍檔的人。正如一些機械人卡通的劇情：有時有一隻大機械人不懂飛。但是有一隻小機械人可以變成一對翼，和大機械人合體。他們整體就可以飛起來。

大機械戰鬥力再高，本身也不懂飛。小機械人戰鬥力不足，飛來也沒有什麼用。但是，兩機合體就變成了夢幻組合。

」

拉瓦節太太的化學造詣，不及丈夫；而拉瓦節的文字功力，亦不及太太。但是，他們卻是夢幻組合，合力發表了，很多改變歷史的作品。

— Me@2014.08.27

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2014.08.29 Friday (c) All rights reserved by ACHK

二百萬 2

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這段改編自 2010 年 4 月 10 日的對話。

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我覺得，「談戀愛」主要是令到兩個人快樂。但是，「認真工作」卻可以令到無數人快樂。例如，我的工作是學術、教學、寫作等。任何一樣我只要認真經營，都可以大大改善，很多人的一生。

但是，那不代表「談戀愛」和「認真工作」不可共存，因為，還有一個可能性，就是我的戀愛對象，和我有共同的人生目標，都想改善這個世界。那樣，我和她就可以互為助手。

如果沒有共同或相近的人生目標，拍拖（談戀愛）的過程中，就很可能會充滿，很多無意義的活動和劇情。那就大大浪費了我，很多原本可以用來，轉捩其他人的時間。（「轉捩」在此作動詞用。）

相反，如果可以互為助手，那就相當於二人合力，去創造一個嶄新的世界。共同創作，可能是拍拖過程的，最美滿版本。

— Me@2014.08.24

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2014.08.25 Monday (c) All rights reserved by ACHK

Free Software 6

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自由軟體 6

Free software is a matter of liberty, not price. To understand the concept, you should think of free as in free speech, not as in free beer.

— Richard Stallman

Free software does not have to be free. Free software does not even have to be cheap.

Free Software Foundation sold each Emacs floppy disk copy for 100 dollars.

— based on my memory of a Richard Stallman’s speech in Hong Kong

[The “$100” may be incorrect. But spirit of the whole paragraph is intact.]

— Me@2013.07.17

R: We should use free software instead of proprietary software. My rule is: I will not use any programs that I cannot share with you.

Q: But sometimes proprietary software is more convenient than free software.

R: What if I want both freedom and convenience?

What can I do?

Either turn convenient software free or turn free software convenient. But turning convenient software free is impossible, because we don’t have the source code and the copyright law does not allow us to do so.

So all we should do is to turn free software convenient.

— based on my memory of a Richard Stallman’s speech in Hong Kong

— Me@2014.04.29

2014.04.29 Tuesday (c) All rights reserved by ACHK

神作

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這段改編自 2010 年 4 月 10 日的對話。

我在網上看到一句說話：

「

Design is a side effect.

傑作是一種副作用。

」

（安：什麼意思？）

我不太清楚，作者的原本意思是什麼。我估計，作者想講的，是「form follows function」（形式隨功能）。

大學時候，書院通識科目中，第一科叫做「通識教育導論」。該科的其中一課，由一位建築學教授主講。他在該課中，提到建築學之中，其中一個設計哲學，叫做「form follows function」。你記不記得？

（安：不記得。）

太過份了，你竟然不記得。你不留心聽課，導致少了很多「思考工具」。那現在怎麼辦呢？

不要緊，我可以解釋。

「形式隨功能」這個建築哲學的意思是，一座建築物的設計，並不應純粹是天馬行空，亦不應只顧追求美觀。

或者說，一座建築物之所以視為「設計美觀」，其中一個原因是，那個設計十分有用。美觀，不單只包括視覺之美，還應包括功用之美。兩者缺一不可。

而最高層次的建築，除了可以描述成，「包括了這兩種美」之外，還可以解釋成：

「

『功用甲』因為必須有『外形乙』才能運行，引發了『外形乙』這個設計；而『外形乙』偏偏亦是，眾多設計中，視覺上最美的。

」

沒有「功用甲」這動機緣起，就沒有「外形乙」這個設計；視覺上，那建築反而沒有那麼美觀。

例如，Google 公司（谷歌）的搜尋器網站，只有她的商標和一行搜尋欄，十分簡單、直接，沒有任何額外的東西，去滋擾用者。所以，Google 搜尋器網站的設計，堪稱「神作」。

This is a file from the Wikimedia Commons.

那「近乎零設計」的緣起，原來是 Google 公司成立之初，創辦人沒有資金，去聘請一位專業的設計師，去製作一個「豐富」和「專業」的網站。所以，Sergey Brin 就「製作」了一個可用，但「近乎零設計」的搜尋器網站。

— Me@2014.02.17

2014.02.18 Tuesday (c) All rights reserved by ACHK

4.13 Walk

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Step-by-step approach

1. “He who would learn to fly one day must first learn to stand and walk and run and climb and dance; one cannot fly into flying.” — Friedrich Nietzsche

2. “For things we persist doing become easier, not because of the change of the nature of the thing, but because of the increase of our ability. ” — Emerson

3. “What does not destroy me, makes me stronger.” — Friedrich Nietzsche

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2008.09.08 Monday (c) CHK2

Free Software 5

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自由軟體 5 | Consultant 2

Paying represents a recognition of value. Paying is a declaration of commitment.

Without enough payment, people in general will not commit enough time to fully utilize a product. 

— Me@2011.03.17

Free software is a matter of liberty, not price. To understand the concept, you should think of free as in free speech, not as in free beer.

— Richard Stallman

Free software does not have to be free. Free software does not have to be cheap.

Free Software Foundation sold each Emacs copy for 100 dollars.

— based on my memory of a Richard Stallman’s speech in Hong Kong

[The “$100” may be incorrect. But spirit of the whole paragraph is intact.]

— Me@2013.07.17

2013.07.19 Friday (c) All rights reserved by ACHK

Oceanographers

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In any intellectual field, one can reach greater heights by standing on the shoulders of others. But that is no longer generally allowed in the software field — you can only stand on the shoulders of the other people in your own company.

The associated psychosocial harm affects the spirit of scientific cooperation, which used to be so strong that scientists would cooperate even when their countries were at war. In this spirit, Japanese oceanographers abandoning their lab on an island in the Pacific carefully preserved their work for the invading U.S. Marines, and left a note asking them to take good care of it.

Conflict for profit has destroyed what international conflict spared. Nowadays scientists in many fields don’t publish enough in their papers to enable others to replicate the experiment. They publish only enough to let readers marvel at how much they were able to do. This is certainly true in computer science, where the source code for the programs reported on is usually secret.

— Why Software Should Be Free[1]

— Richard Stallman

[1] Free software is a matter of liberty, not price. To understand the concept, you should think of free as in free speech, not as in free beer. — Richard Stallman

2013.06.25 Tuesday ACHK